What’s a good quality and priced camera to use to start studying different angles and shots for directing film?

Camcorder.

Any camcorder will work to learn different angles and shots, but in your studies you will find out much about depth of field and about lighting your scenes. Ideally, a cam that can use different lens will allow you to apply DOF as standard fixed camcorder lens don’t really allow much if any DOF. Camcorders with an interchangeable lens option are not cheap. You could get by using one of the new D-SLR combo cams. They not only shoot high resolution still images but also can record HD video.

Two examples are the Canon Rebel T1i (1920×1080) $650.00 (body only) and the Nikon D90 (1280×720 pixels) $750 (body only).